open-webui-ai4me/backend/open_webui/routers/auths.py

import asyncio
import re
import uuid
import time
import datetime
import logging
from aiohttp import ClientSession
import urllib


from open_webui.models.auths import (
    AddUserForm,
    ApiKey,
    Auths,
    Token,
    LdapForm,
    SigninForm,
    SigninResponse,
    SignupForm,
    UpdatePasswordForm,
)
from open_webui.models.users import (
    UserModel,
    UserProfileImageResponse,
    Users,
    UpdateProfileForm,
    UserStatus,
)
from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
from open_webui.models.oauth_sessions import OAuthSessions

from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES, WEBHOOK_MESSAGES
from open_webui.env import (
    WEBUI_AUTH,
    WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_EMAIL_HEADER,
    WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_NAME_HEADER,
    WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_GROUPS_HEADER,
    WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_ROLE_HEADER,
    WEBUI_AUTH_COOKIE_SAME_SITE,
    WEBUI_AUTH_COOKIE_SECURE,
    WEBUI_AUTH_SIGNOUT_REDIRECT_URL,
    ENABLE_INITIAL_ADMIN_SIGNUP,
    ENABLE_OAUTH_TOKEN_EXCHANGE,
    AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL,
)
from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
from fastapi.responses import RedirectResponse, Response, JSONResponse
from open_webui.config import (
    OPENID_PROVIDER_URL,
    OPENID_END_SESSION_ENDPOINT,
    ENABLE_OAUTH_SIGNUP,
    ENABLE_LDAP,
    ENABLE_PASSWORD_AUTH,
    OAUTH_PROVIDERS,
    OAUTH_MERGE_ACCOUNTS_BY_EMAIL,
)
from open_webui.utils.oauth import auth_manager_config
from pydantic import BaseModel

from open_webui.utils.misc import parse_duration, validate_email_format
from open_webui.utils.auth import (
    validate_password,
    verify_password,
    decode_token,
    invalidate_token,
    create_api_key,
    create_token,
    get_admin_user,
    get_verified_user,
    get_current_user,
    get_password_hash,
    get_http_authorization_cred,
)
from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
from open_webui.utils.webhook import post_webhook
from open_webui.utils.access_control import get_permissions, has_permission
from open_webui.utils.groups import apply_default_group_assignment

from open_webui.utils.redis import get_redis_client
from open_webui.utils.rate_limit import RateLimiter


from typing import Optional, List

from ssl import CERT_NONE, CERT_REQUIRED, PROTOCOL_TLS

from ldap3 import Server, Connection, NONE, Tls
from ldap3.utils.conv import escape_filter_chars

router = APIRouter()

log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# Forgive us our failed attempts, as we forgive those
# who exceed their allotted rate against this gate.
signin_rate_limiter = RateLimiter(redis_client=get_redis_client(), limit=5 * 3, window=60 * 3)


async def create_session_response(request: Request, user, db, response: Response = None, set_cookie: bool = False) -> dict:
    """
    Create JWT token and build session response for a user.
    Shared helper for signin, signup, ldap_auth, add_user, and token_exchange endpoints.

    Args:
        request: FastAPI request object
        user: User object
        db: Database session
        response: FastAPI response object (required if set_cookie is True)
        set_cookie: Whether to set the auth cookie on the response
    """
    expires_delta = parse_duration(request.app.state.config.JWT_EXPIRES_IN)
    expires_at = None
    if expires_delta:
        expires_at = int(time.time()) + int(expires_delta.total_seconds())

    token = create_token(
        data={'id': user.id},
        expires_delta=expires_delta,
    )

    if set_cookie and response:
        datetime_expires_at = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(expires_at, datetime.timezone.utc) if expires_at else None
        max_age = int(expires_delta.total_seconds()) if expires_delta else None
        response.set_cookie(
            key='token',
            value=token,
            expires=datetime_expires_at,
            httponly=True,
            samesite=WEBUI_AUTH_COOKIE_SAME_SITE,
            secure=WEBUI_AUTH_COOKIE_SECURE,
            **({'max_age': max_age} if max_age is not None else {}),
        )

    user_permissions = await get_permissions(user.id, request.app.state.config.USER_PERMISSIONS, db=db)

    return {
        'token': token,
        'token_type': 'Bearer',
        'expires_at': expires_at,
        'id': user.id,
        'email': user.email,
        'name': user.name,
        'role': user.role,
        'profile_image_url': f'/api/v1/users/{user.id}/profile/image',
        'permissions': user_permissions,
    }


############################
# GetSessionUser
############################


class SessionUserResponse(Token, UserProfileImageResponse):
    expires_at: Optional[int] = None
    permissions: Optional[dict] = None


class SessionUserInfoResponse(SessionUserResponse, UserStatus):
    bio: Optional[str] = None
    gender: Optional[str] = None
    date_of_birth: Optional[datetime.date] = None


@router.get('/', response_model=SessionUserInfoResponse)
async def get_session_user(
    request: Request,
    response: Response,
    user=Depends(get_current_user),
    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
):
    auth_header = request.headers.get('Authorization')
    auth_token = get_http_authorization_cred(auth_header)
    token = auth_token.credentials
    data = decode_token(token)

    expires_at = None

    if data:
        expires_at = data.get('exp')

        if (expires_at is not None) and int(time.time()) > expires_at:
            raise HTTPException(
                status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
                detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.INVALID_TOKEN,
            )

        # Set the cookie token
        max_age = int(expires_at - time.time()) if expires_at else None
        response.set_cookie(
            key='token',
            value=token,
            expires=(datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(expires_at, datetime.timezone.utc) if expires_at else None),
            httponly=True,  # Ensures the cookie is not accessible via JavaScript
            samesite=WEBUI_AUTH_COOKIE_SAME_SITE,
            secure=WEBUI_AUTH_COOKIE_SECURE,
            **({'max_age': max_age} if max_age is not None else {}),
        )

    user_permissions = await get_permissions(user.id, request.app.state.config.USER_PERMISSIONS, db=db)

    return {
        'token': token,
        'token_type': 'Bearer',
        'expires_at': expires_at,
        'id': user.id,
        'email': user.email,
        'name': user.name,
        'role': user.role,
        'profile_image_url': user.profile_image_url,
        'bio': user.bio,
        'gender': user.gender,
        'date_of_birth': user.date_of_birth,
        'status_emoji': user.status_emoji,
        'status_message': user.status_message,
        'status_expires_at': user.status_expires_at,
        'permissions': user_permissions,
    }


############################
# Update Profile
############################


@router.post('/update/profile', response_model=UserProfileImageResponse)
async def update_profile(
    form_data: UpdateProfileForm,
    session_user=Depends(get_verified_user),
    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
):
    if session_user:
        user = await Users.update_user_by_id(
            session_user.id,
            form_data.model_dump(),
            db=db,
        )
        if user:
            return user
        else:
            raise HTTPException(400, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.DEFAULT())
    else:
        raise HTTPException(400, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.INVALID_CRED)


############################
# Update Timezone
############################


class UpdateTimezoneForm(BaseModel):
    timezone: str


@router.post('/update/timezone')
async def update_timezone(
    form_data: UpdateTimezoneForm,
    session_user=Depends(get_current_user),
    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
):
    if session_user:
        await Users.update_user_by_id(
            session_user.id,
            {'timezone': form_data.timezone},
            db=db,
        )
        return {'status': True}
    else:
        raise HTTPException(400, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.INVALID_CRED)


############################
# Update Password
############################


@router.post('/update/password', response_model=bool)
async def update_password(
    form_data: UpdatePasswordForm,
    session_user=Depends(get_current_user),
    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
):
    if WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_EMAIL_HEADER:
        raise HTTPException(400, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.ACTION_PROHIBITED)
    if session_user:
        user = await Auths.authenticate_user(
            session_user.email,
            lambda pw: verify_password(form_data.password, pw),
            db=db,
        )

        if user:
            try:
                validate_password(form_data.new_password)
            except Exception as e:
                raise HTTPException(400, detail=str(e))
            hashed = get_password_hash(form_data.new_password)
            return await Auths.update_user_password_by_id(user.id, hashed, db=db)
        else:
            raise HTTPException(400, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.INCORRECT_PASSWORD)
    else:
        raise HTTPException(400, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.INVALID_CRED)


############################
# LDAP Authentication
############################
@router.post('/ldap', response_model=SessionUserResponse)
async def ldap_auth(
    request: Request,
    response: Response,
    form_data: LdapForm,
    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
):
    # Security checks FIRST - before loading any config
    if not request.app.state.config.ENABLE_LDAP:
        raise HTTPException(400, detail='LDAP authentication is not enabled')

    if not ENABLE_PASSWORD_AUTH:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
            detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.ACTION_PROHIBITED,
        )

    # NOW load LDAP config variables
    LDAP_SERVER_LABEL = request.app.state.config.LDAP_SERVER_LABEL
    LDAP_SERVER_HOST = request.app.state.config.LDAP_SERVER_HOST
    LDAP_SERVER_PORT = request.app.state.config.LDAP_SERVER_PORT
    LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_MAIL = request.app.state.config.LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_MAIL
    LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_USERNAME = request.app.state.config.LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_USERNAME
    LDAP_SEARCH_BASE = request.app.state.config.LDAP_SEARCH_BASE
    LDAP_SEARCH_FILTERS = request.app.state.config.LDAP_SEARCH_FILTERS
    LDAP_APP_DN = request.app.state.config.LDAP_APP_DN
    LDAP_APP_PASSWORD = request.app.state.config.LDAP_APP_PASSWORD
    LDAP_USE_TLS = request.app.state.config.LDAP_USE_TLS
    LDAP_CA_CERT_FILE = request.app.state.config.LDAP_CA_CERT_FILE
    LDAP_VALIDATE_CERT = CERT_REQUIRED if request.app.state.config.LDAP_VALIDATE_CERT else CERT_NONE
    LDAP_CIPHERS = request.app.state.config.LDAP_CIPHERS if request.app.state.config.LDAP_CIPHERS else 'ALL'

    try:
        tls = Tls(
            validate=LDAP_VALIDATE_CERT,
            version=PROTOCOL_TLS,
            ca_certs_file=LDAP_CA_CERT_FILE,
            ciphers=LDAP_CIPHERS,
        )
    except Exception as e:
        log.error(f'TLS configuration error: {str(e)}')
        raise HTTPException(400, detail='Failed to configure TLS for LDAP connection.')

    try:
        server = Server(
            host=LDAP_SERVER_HOST,
            port=LDAP_SERVER_PORT,
            get_info=NONE,
            use_ssl=LDAP_USE_TLS,
            tls=tls,
        )
        connection_app = Connection(
            server,
            LDAP_APP_DN,
            LDAP_APP_PASSWORD,
            auto_bind='NONE',
            authentication='SIMPLE' if LDAP_APP_DN else 'ANONYMOUS',
        )
        if not await asyncio.to_thread(connection_app.bind):
            raise HTTPException(400, detail='Application account bind failed')

        ENABLE_LDAP_GROUP_MANAGEMENT = request.app.state.config.ENABLE_LDAP_GROUP_MANAGEMENT
        ENABLE_LDAP_GROUP_CREATION = request.app.state.config.ENABLE_LDAP_GROUP_CREATION
        LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_GROUPS = request.app.state.config.LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_GROUPS

        search_attributes = [
            f'{LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_USERNAME}',
            f'{LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_MAIL}',
            'cn',
        ]
        if ENABLE_LDAP_GROUP_MANAGEMENT:
            search_attributes.append(f'{LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_GROUPS}')
            log.info(f'LDAP Group Management enabled. Adding {LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_GROUPS} to search attributes')
        log.info(f'LDAP search attributes: {search_attributes}')

        search_success = await asyncio.to_thread(
            connection_app.search,
            search_base=LDAP_SEARCH_BASE,
            search_filter=f'(&({LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_USERNAME}={escape_filter_chars(form_data.user.lower())}){LDAP_SEARCH_FILTERS})',
            attributes=search_attributes,
        )
        if not search_success or not connection_app.entries:
            raise HTTPException(400, detail='User not found in the LDAP server')

        entry = connection_app.entries[0]
        entry_username = entry[f'{LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_USERNAME}'].value
        email = entry[f'{LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_MAIL}'].value  # retrieve the Attribute value

        username_list = []  # list of usernames from LDAP attribute
        if isinstance(entry_username, list):
            username_list = [str(name).lower() for name in entry_username]
        else:
            username_list = [str(entry_username).lower()]

        # TODO: support multiple emails if LDAP returns a list
        if not email:
            raise HTTPException(400, 'User does not have a valid email address.')
        elif isinstance(email, str):
            email = email.lower()
        elif isinstance(email, list):
            email = email[0].lower()
        else:
            email = str(email).lower()

        cn = str(entry['cn'])  # common name
        user_dn = entry.entry_dn  # user distinguished name

        user_groups = []
        if ENABLE_LDAP_GROUP_MANAGEMENT and LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_GROUPS in entry:
            group_dns = entry[LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_GROUPS]
            log.info(f'LDAP raw group DNs for user {username_list}: {group_dns}')

            if group_dns:
                log.info(f'LDAP group_dns original: {group_dns}')
                log.info(f'LDAP group_dns type: {type(group_dns)}')
                log.info(f'LDAP group_dns length: {len(group_dns)}')

                if hasattr(group_dns, 'value'):
                    group_dns = group_dns.value
                    log.info(f'Extracted .value property: {group_dns}')
                elif hasattr(group_dns, '__iter__') and not isinstance(group_dns, (str, bytes)):
                    group_dns = list(group_dns)
                    log.info(f'Converted to list: {group_dns}')

                if isinstance(group_dns, list):
                    group_dns = [str(item) for item in group_dns]
                else:
                    group_dns = [str(group_dns)]

                log.info(f'LDAP group_dns after processing - type: {type(group_dns)}, length: {len(group_dns)}')

                for group_idx, group_dn in enumerate(group_dns):
                    group_dn = str(group_dn)
                    log.info(f'Processing group DN #{group_idx + 1}: {group_dn}')

                    try:
                        group_cn = None

                        for item in group_dn.split(','):
                            item = item.strip()
                            if item.upper().startswith('CN='):
                                group_cn = item[3:]
                                break

                        if group_cn:
                            user_groups.append(group_cn)

                        else:
                            log.warning(f'Could not extract CN from group DN: {group_dn}')
                    except Exception as e:
                        log.warning(f'Failed to extract group name from DN {group_dn}: {e}')

                log.info(f'LDAP groups for user {username_list}: {user_groups} (total: {len(user_groups)})')
            else:
                log.info(f'No groups found for user {username_list}')
        elif ENABLE_LDAP_GROUP_MANAGEMENT:
            log.warning(
                f'LDAP Group Management enabled but {LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_GROUPS} attribute not found in user entry'
            )

        if username_list and form_data.user.lower() in username_list:
            connection_user = Connection(
                server,
                user_dn,
                form_data.password,
                auto_bind='NONE',
                authentication='SIMPLE',
            )
            if not await asyncio.to_thread(connection_user.bind):
                raise HTTPException(400, 'Authentication failed.')

            user = await Users.get_user_by_email(email, db=db)
            if not user:
                try:
                    # Insert with default role first to avoid TOCTOU race on
                    # first-user registration.  Matches signup_handler pattern.
                    user = await Auths.insert_new_auth(
                        email=email,
                        password=str(uuid.uuid4()),
                        name=cn,
                        role=request.app.state.config.DEFAULT_USER_ROLE,
                        db=db,
                    )

                    if not user:
                        raise HTTPException(500, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.CREATE_USER_ERROR)

                    # Atomically check if this is the only user *after* the
                    # insert.  Only the single user present should become admin.
                    if await Users.get_num_users(db=db) == 1:
                        await Users.update_user_role_by_id(user.id, 'admin', db=db)
                        user = await Users.get_user_by_id(user.id, db=db)

                    await apply_default_group_assignment(
                        request.app.state.config.DEFAULT_GROUP_ID,
                        user.id,
                        db=db,
                    )

                except HTTPException:
                    raise
                except Exception as err:
                    log.error(f'LDAP user creation error: {str(err)}')
                    raise HTTPException(500, detail='Internal error occurred during LDAP user creation.')

            user = await Auths.authenticate_user_by_email(email, db=db)

            if user:
                if ENABLE_LDAP_GROUP_MANAGEMENT and user_groups:
                    if ENABLE_LDAP_GROUP_CREATION:
                        await Groups.create_groups_by_group_names(user.id, user_groups, db=db)
                    try:
                        await Groups.sync_groups_by_group_names(user.id, user_groups, db=db)
                        log.info(f'Successfully synced groups for user {user.id}: {user_groups}')
                    except Exception as e:
                        log.error(f'Failed to sync groups for user {user.id}: {e}')

                return await create_session_response(request, user, db, response, set_cookie=True)
            else:
                raise HTTPException(400, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.INVALID_CRED)
        else:
            raise HTTPException(400, 'User record mismatch.')
    except Exception as e:
        log.error(f'LDAP authentication error: {str(e)}')
        raise HTTPException(400, detail='LDAP authentication failed.')


############################
# SignIn
############################


@router.post('/signin', response_model=SessionUserResponse)
async def signin(
    request: Request,
    response: Response,
    form_data: SigninForm,
    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
):
    if not ENABLE_PASSWORD_AUTH:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
            detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.ACTION_PROHIBITED,
        )

    if WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_EMAIL_HEADER:
        if WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_EMAIL_HEADER not in request.headers:
            raise HTTPException(400, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.INVALID_TRUSTED_HEADER)

        email = request.headers[WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_EMAIL_HEADER].lower()
        name = email

        if WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_NAME_HEADER:
            name = request.headers.get(WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_NAME_HEADER, email)
            try:
                name = urllib.parse.unquote(name, encoding='utf-8')
            except Exception as e:
                pass

        if not await Users.get_user_by_email(email.lower(), db=db):
            await signup_handler(
                request,
                email,
                str(uuid.uuid4()),
                name,
                db=db,
            )

        user = await Auths.authenticate_user_by_email(email, db=db)
        if user:
            if WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_GROUPS_HEADER:
                group_names = request.headers.get(WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_GROUPS_HEADER, '').split(',')
                group_names = [name.strip() for name in group_names if name.strip()]

                if group_names:
                    await Groups.sync_groups_by_group_names(user.id, group_names, db=db)

            if WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_ROLE_HEADER:
                trusted_role = request.headers.get(WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_ROLE_HEADER, '').lower().strip()
                if trusted_role in {'admin', 'user', 'pending'}:
                    if user.role != trusted_role:
                        await Users.update_user_role_by_id(user.id, trusted_role, db=db)
                elif trusted_role:
                    log.warning(f'Ignoring invalid trusted role header value: {trusted_role}')

    elif WEBUI_AUTH == False:
        admin_email = 'admin@localhost'
        admin_password = 'admin'

        if await Users.get_user_by_email(admin_email.lower(), db=db):
            user = await Auths.authenticate_user(
                admin_email.lower(),
                lambda pw: verify_password(admin_password, pw),
                db=db,
            )
        else:
            if await Users.has_users(db=db):
                raise HTTPException(400, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.EXISTING_USERS)

            await signup_handler(
                request,
                admin_email,
                admin_password,
                'User',
                db=db,
            )

            user = await Auths.authenticate_user(
                admin_email.lower(),
                lambda pw: verify_password(admin_password, pw),
                db=db,
            )
    else:
        if signin_rate_limiter.is_limited(form_data.email.lower()):
            raise HTTPException(
                status_code=status.HTTP_429_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS,
                detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.RATE_LIMIT_EXCEEDED,
            )

        password_bytes = form_data.password.encode('utf-8')
        if len(password_bytes) > 72:
            # TODO: Implement other hashing algorithms that support longer passwords
            log.info('Password too long, truncating to 72 bytes for bcrypt')
            password_bytes = password_bytes[:72]

            # decode safely — ignore incomplete UTF-8 sequences
            form_data.password = password_bytes.decode('utf-8', errors='ignore')

        user = await Auths.authenticate_user(
            form_data.email.lower(),
            lambda pw: verify_password(form_data.password, pw),
            db=db,
        )

    if user:
        return await create_session_response(request, user, db, response, set_cookie=True)
    else:
        raise HTTPException(400, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.INVALID_CRED)


############################
# SignUp
############################


async def signup_handler(
    request: Request,
    email: str,
    password: str,
    name: str,
    profile_image_url: str = '/user.png',
    *,
    db: AsyncSession,
) -> UserModel:
    """
    Core user-creation logic shared by the signup endpoint and
    trusted-header / no-auth auto-registration flows.

    Returns the newly created UserModel.
    Raises HTTPException on failure.
    """
    # Insert with default role first to avoid TOCTOU race on first signup.
    # If has_users() is checked before insert, concurrent requests during
    # first-user registration can all see an empty table and each get admin.
    hashed = get_password_hash(password)

    user = await Auths.insert_new_auth(
        email=email.lower(),
        password=hashed,
        name=name,
        profile_image_url=profile_image_url,
        role=request.app.state.config.DEFAULT_USER_ROLE,
        db=db,
    )
    if not user:
        raise HTTPException(500, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.CREATE_USER_ERROR)

    # Atomically check if this is the only user *after* the insert.
    # Only the single user present at this point should become admin.
    if await Users.get_num_users(db=db) == 1:
        await Users.update_user_role_by_id(user.id, 'admin', db=db)
        user = await Users.get_user_by_id(user.id, db=db)
        request.app.state.config.ENABLE_SIGNUP = False

    if request.app.state.config.WEBHOOK_URL:
        await post_webhook(
            request.app.state.WEBUI_NAME,
            request.app.state.config.WEBHOOK_URL,
            WEBHOOK_MESSAGES.USER_SIGNUP(user.name),
            {
                'action': 'signup',
                'message': WEBHOOK_MESSAGES.USER_SIGNUP(user.name),
                'user': user.model_dump_json(exclude_none=True),
            },
        )

    await apply_default_group_assignment(
        request.app.state.config.DEFAULT_GROUP_ID,
        user.id,
        db=db,
    )

    return user


@router.post('/signup', response_model=SessionUserResponse)
async def signup(
    request: Request,
    response: Response,
    form_data: SignupForm,
    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
):
    has_users = await Users.has_users(db=db)

    if WEBUI_AUTH:
        if not request.app.state.config.ENABLE_SIGNUP or not request.app.state.config.ENABLE_LOGIN_FORM:
            if has_users or not ENABLE_INITIAL_ADMIN_SIGNUP:
                raise HTTPException(status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.ACCESS_PROHIBITED)
    else:
        if has_users:
            raise HTTPException(status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.ACCESS_PROHIBITED)

    if not validate_email_format(form_data.email.lower()):
        raise HTTPException(status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.INVALID_EMAIL_FORMAT)

    if await Users.get_user_by_email(form_data.email.lower(), db=db):
        raise HTTPException(400, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.EMAIL_TAKEN)

    try:
        try:
            validate_password(form_data.password)
        except Exception as e:
            raise HTTPException(400, detail=str(e))

        user = await signup_handler(
            request,
            form_data.email,
            form_data.password,
            form_data.name,
            form_data.profile_image_url,
            db=db,
        )
        return await create_session_response(request, user, db, response, set_cookie=True)
    except HTTPException:
        raise
    except Exception as err:
        log.error(f'Signup error: {str(err)}')
        raise HTTPException(500, detail='An internal error occurred during signup.')


@router.get('/signout')
async def signout(request: Request, response: Response, db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
    # get auth token from headers or cookies
    token = None
    auth_header = request.headers.get('Authorization')
    if auth_header:
        auth_cred = get_http_authorization_cred(auth_header)
        token = auth_cred.credentials
    else:
        token = request.cookies.get('token')

    if token:
        await invalidate_token(request, token)

    response.delete_cookie('token')
    response.delete_cookie('oui-session')
    response.delete_cookie('oauth_id_token')

    oauth_session_id = request.cookies.get('oauth_session_id')
    if oauth_session_id:
        response.delete_cookie('oauth_session_id')

        session = await OAuthSessions.get_session_by_id(oauth_session_id, db=db)

        # If a custom end_session_endpoint is configured (e.g. AWS Cognito), redirect
        # there directly instead of attempting OIDC discovery.
        if OPENID_END_SESSION_ENDPOINT.value:
            return JSONResponse(
                status_code=200,
                content={
                    'status': True,
                    'redirect_url': OPENID_END_SESSION_ENDPOINT.value,
                },
                headers=response.headers,
            )

        oauth_server_metadata_url = (
            request.app.state.oauth_manager.get_server_metadata_url(session.provider) if session else None
        ) or OPENID_PROVIDER_URL.value

        if session and oauth_server_metadata_url:
            oauth_id_token = session.token.get('id_token')
            try:
                async with ClientSession(trust_env=True) as session:
                    async with session.get(oauth_server_metadata_url) as r:
                        if r.status == 200:
                            openid_data = await r.json()
                            logout_url = openid_data.get('end_session_endpoint')

                            if logout_url:
                                return JSONResponse(
                                    status_code=200,
                                    content={
                                        'status': True,
                                        'redirect_url': f'{logout_url}?id_token_hint={oauth_id_token}'
                                        + (
                                            f'&post_logout_redirect_uri={WEBUI_AUTH_SIGNOUT_REDIRECT_URL}'
                                            if WEBUI_AUTH_SIGNOUT_REDIRECT_URL
                                            else ''
                                        ),
                                    },
                                    headers=response.headers,
                                )
                        else:
                            raise Exception('Failed to fetch OpenID configuration')

            except Exception as e:
                log.error(f'OpenID signout error: {str(e)}')
                raise HTTPException(
                    status_code=500,
                    detail='Failed to sign out from the OpenID provider.',
                    headers=response.headers,
                )

    if WEBUI_AUTH_SIGNOUT_REDIRECT_URL:
        return JSONResponse(
            status_code=200,
            content={
                'status': True,
                'redirect_url': WEBUI_AUTH_SIGNOUT_REDIRECT_URL,
            },
            headers=response.headers,
        )

    return JSONResponse(status_code=200, content={'status': True}, headers=response.headers)


############################
# AddUser
############################


@router.post('/add', response_model=SigninResponse)
async def add_user(
    request: Request,
    form_data: AddUserForm,
    user=Depends(get_admin_user),
    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
):
    if not validate_email_format(form_data.email.lower()):
        raise HTTPException(status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.INVALID_EMAIL_FORMAT)

    if await Users.get_user_by_email(form_data.email.lower(), db=db):
        raise HTTPException(400, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.EMAIL_TAKEN)

    try:
        try:
            validate_password(form_data.password)
        except Exception as e:
            raise HTTPException(400, detail=str(e))

        hashed = get_password_hash(form_data.password)
        user = await Auths.insert_new_auth(
            form_data.email.lower(),
            hashed,
            form_data.name,
            form_data.profile_image_url,
            form_data.role,
            db=db,
        )

        if user:
            await apply_default_group_assignment(
                request.app.state.config.DEFAULT_GROUP_ID,
                user.id,
                db=db,
            )

            expires_delta = parse_duration(request.app.state.config.JWT_EXPIRES_IN)
            token = create_token(data={'id': user.id}, expires_delta=expires_delta)
            return {
                'token': token,
                'token_type': 'Bearer',
                'id': user.id,
                'email': user.email,
                'name': user.name,
                'role': user.role,
                'profile_image_url': f'/api/v1/users/{user.id}/profile/image',
            }
        else:
            raise HTTPException(500, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.CREATE_USER_ERROR)
    except HTTPException:
        raise
    except Exception as err:
        log.error(f'Add user error: {str(err)}')
        raise HTTPException(500, detail='An internal error occurred while adding the user.')


############################
# GetAdminDetails
############################


@router.get('/admin/details')
async def get_admin_details(request: Request, user=Depends(get_current_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
    if request.app.state.config.SHOW_ADMIN_DETAILS:
        admin_email = request.app.state.config.ADMIN_EMAIL
        admin_name = None

        log.info(f'Admin details - Email: {admin_email}, Name: {admin_name}')

        if admin_email:
            admin = await Users.get_user_by_email(admin_email, db=db)
            if admin:
                admin_name = admin.name
        else:
            admin = await Users.get_first_user(db=db)
            if admin:
                admin_email = admin.email
                admin_name = admin.name

        return {
            'name': admin_name,
            'email': admin_email,
        }
    else:
        raise HTTPException(400, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.ACTION_PROHIBITED)


############################
# ToggleSignUp
############################


@router.get('/admin/config')
async def get_admin_config(request: Request, user=Depends(get_admin_user)):
    return {
        'SHOW_ADMIN_DETAILS': request.app.state.config.SHOW_ADMIN_DETAILS,
        'ADMIN_EMAIL': request.app.state.config.ADMIN_EMAIL,
        'WEBUI_URL': request.app.state.config.WEBUI_URL,
        'ENABLE_SIGNUP': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_SIGNUP,
        'ENABLE_API_KEYS': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_API_KEYS,
        'ENABLE_API_KEYS_ENDPOINT_RESTRICTIONS': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_API_KEYS_ENDPOINT_RESTRICTIONS,
        'API_KEYS_ALLOWED_ENDPOINTS': request.app.state.config.API_KEYS_ALLOWED_ENDPOINTS,
        'DEFAULT_USER_ROLE': request.app.state.config.DEFAULT_USER_ROLE,
        'DEFAULT_GROUP_ID': request.app.state.config.DEFAULT_GROUP_ID,
        'JWT_EXPIRES_IN': request.app.state.config.JWT_EXPIRES_IN,
        'ENABLE_COMMUNITY_SHARING': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_COMMUNITY_SHARING,
        'ENABLE_MESSAGE_RATING': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_MESSAGE_RATING,
        'ENABLE_FOLDERS': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_FOLDERS,
        'FOLDER_MAX_FILE_COUNT': request.app.state.config.FOLDER_MAX_FILE_COUNT,
        'AUTOMATION_MAX_COUNT': request.app.state.config.AUTOMATION_MAX_COUNT,
        'AUTOMATION_MIN_INTERVAL': request.app.state.config.AUTOMATION_MIN_INTERVAL,
        'ENABLE_CHANNELS': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_CHANNELS,
        'ENABLE_MEMORIES': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_MEMORIES,
        'ENABLE_NOTES': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_NOTES,
        'ENABLE_USER_WEBHOOKS': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_USER_WEBHOOKS,
        'ENABLE_USER_STATUS': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_USER_STATUS,
        'PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_TITLE': request.app.state.config.PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_TITLE,
        'PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_CONTENT': request.app.state.config.PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_CONTENT,
        'RESPONSE_WATERMARK': request.app.state.config.RESPONSE_WATERMARK,
    }


class AdminConfig(BaseModel):
    SHOW_ADMIN_DETAILS: bool
    ADMIN_EMAIL: Optional[str] = None
    WEBUI_URL: str
    ENABLE_SIGNUP: bool
    ENABLE_API_KEYS: bool
    ENABLE_API_KEYS_ENDPOINT_RESTRICTIONS: bool
    API_KEYS_ALLOWED_ENDPOINTS: str
    DEFAULT_USER_ROLE: str
    DEFAULT_GROUP_ID: str
    JWT_EXPIRES_IN: str
    ENABLE_COMMUNITY_SHARING: bool
    ENABLE_MESSAGE_RATING: bool
    ENABLE_FOLDERS: bool
    FOLDER_MAX_FILE_COUNT: Optional[int | str] = None
    AUTOMATION_MAX_COUNT: Optional[int | str] = None
    AUTOMATION_MIN_INTERVAL: Optional[int | str] = None
    ENABLE_CHANNELS: bool
    ENABLE_MEMORIES: bool
    ENABLE_NOTES: bool
    ENABLE_USER_WEBHOOKS: bool
    ENABLE_USER_STATUS: bool
    PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_TITLE: Optional[str] = None
    PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_CONTENT: Optional[str] = None
    RESPONSE_WATERMARK: Optional[str] = None


@router.post('/admin/config')
async def update_admin_config(request: Request, form_data: AdminConfig, user=Depends(get_admin_user)):
    request.app.state.config.SHOW_ADMIN_DETAILS = form_data.SHOW_ADMIN_DETAILS
    request.app.state.config.ADMIN_EMAIL = form_data.ADMIN_EMAIL
    request.app.state.config.WEBUI_URL = form_data.WEBUI_URL
    request.app.state.config.ENABLE_SIGNUP = form_data.ENABLE_SIGNUP

    request.app.state.config.ENABLE_API_KEYS = form_data.ENABLE_API_KEYS
    request.app.state.config.ENABLE_API_KEYS_ENDPOINT_RESTRICTIONS = form_data.ENABLE_API_KEYS_ENDPOINT_RESTRICTIONS
    request.app.state.config.API_KEYS_ALLOWED_ENDPOINTS = form_data.API_KEYS_ALLOWED_ENDPOINTS

    request.app.state.config.ENABLE_FOLDERS = form_data.ENABLE_FOLDERS
    request.app.state.config.FOLDER_MAX_FILE_COUNT = (
        int(form_data.FOLDER_MAX_FILE_COUNT) if form_data.FOLDER_MAX_FILE_COUNT else ''
    )
    request.app.state.config.AUTOMATION_MAX_COUNT = (
        int(form_data.AUTOMATION_MAX_COUNT) if form_data.AUTOMATION_MAX_COUNT else ''
    )
    request.app.state.config.AUTOMATION_MIN_INTERVAL = (
        int(form_data.AUTOMATION_MIN_INTERVAL) if form_data.AUTOMATION_MIN_INTERVAL else ''
    )
    request.app.state.config.ENABLE_CHANNELS = form_data.ENABLE_CHANNELS
    request.app.state.config.ENABLE_MEMORIES = form_data.ENABLE_MEMORIES
    request.app.state.config.ENABLE_NOTES = form_data.ENABLE_NOTES

    if form_data.DEFAULT_USER_ROLE in ['pending', 'user', 'admin']:
        request.app.state.config.DEFAULT_USER_ROLE = form_data.DEFAULT_USER_ROLE

    request.app.state.config.DEFAULT_GROUP_ID = form_data.DEFAULT_GROUP_ID

    pattern = r'^(-1|0|(-?\d+(\.\d+)?)(ms|s|m|h|d|w))$'

    # Check if the input string matches the pattern
    if re.match(pattern, form_data.JWT_EXPIRES_IN):
        request.app.state.config.JWT_EXPIRES_IN = form_data.JWT_EXPIRES_IN

    request.app.state.config.ENABLE_COMMUNITY_SHARING = form_data.ENABLE_COMMUNITY_SHARING
    request.app.state.config.ENABLE_MESSAGE_RATING = form_data.ENABLE_MESSAGE_RATING

    request.app.state.config.ENABLE_USER_WEBHOOKS = form_data.ENABLE_USER_WEBHOOKS
    request.app.state.config.ENABLE_USER_STATUS = form_data.ENABLE_USER_STATUS

    request.app.state.config.PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_TITLE = form_data.PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_TITLE
    request.app.state.config.PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_CONTENT = form_data.PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_CONTENT

    request.app.state.config.RESPONSE_WATERMARK = form_data.RESPONSE_WATERMARK

    return {
        'SHOW_ADMIN_DETAILS': request.app.state.config.SHOW_ADMIN_DETAILS,
        'ADMIN_EMAIL': request.app.state.config.ADMIN_EMAIL,
        'WEBUI_URL': request.app.state.config.WEBUI_URL,
        'ENABLE_SIGNUP': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_SIGNUP,
        'ENABLE_API_KEYS': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_API_KEYS,
        'ENABLE_API_KEYS_ENDPOINT_RESTRICTIONS': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_API_KEYS_ENDPOINT_RESTRICTIONS,
        'API_KEYS_ALLOWED_ENDPOINTS': request.app.state.config.API_KEYS_ALLOWED_ENDPOINTS,
        'DEFAULT_USER_ROLE': request.app.state.config.DEFAULT_USER_ROLE,
        'DEFAULT_GROUP_ID': request.app.state.config.DEFAULT_GROUP_ID,
        'JWT_EXPIRES_IN': request.app.state.config.JWT_EXPIRES_IN,
        'ENABLE_COMMUNITY_SHARING': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_COMMUNITY_SHARING,
        'ENABLE_MESSAGE_RATING': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_MESSAGE_RATING,
        'ENABLE_FOLDERS': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_FOLDERS,
        'FOLDER_MAX_FILE_COUNT': request.app.state.config.FOLDER_MAX_FILE_COUNT,
        'AUTOMATION_MAX_COUNT': request.app.state.config.AUTOMATION_MAX_COUNT,
        'AUTOMATION_MIN_INTERVAL': request.app.state.config.AUTOMATION_MIN_INTERVAL,
        'ENABLE_CHANNELS': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_CHANNELS,
        'ENABLE_MEMORIES': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_MEMORIES,
        'ENABLE_NOTES': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_NOTES,
        'ENABLE_USER_WEBHOOKS': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_USER_WEBHOOKS,
        'ENABLE_USER_STATUS': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_USER_STATUS,
        'PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_TITLE': request.app.state.config.PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_TITLE,
        'PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_CONTENT': request.app.state.config.PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_CONTENT,
        'RESPONSE_WATERMARK': request.app.state.config.RESPONSE_WATERMARK,
    }


class LdapServerConfig(BaseModel):
    label: str
    host: str
    port: Optional[int] = None
    attribute_for_mail: str = 'mail'
    attribute_for_username: str = 'uid'
    app_dn: str
    app_dn_password: str
    search_base: str
    search_filters: str = ''
    use_tls: bool = True
    certificate_path: Optional[str] = None
    validate_cert: bool = True
    ciphers: Optional[str] = 'ALL'


@router.get('/admin/config/ldap/server', response_model=LdapServerConfig)
async def get_ldap_server(request: Request, user=Depends(get_admin_user)):
    return {
        'label': request.app.state.config.LDAP_SERVER_LABEL,
        'host': request.app.state.config.LDAP_SERVER_HOST,
        'port': request.app.state.config.LDAP_SERVER_PORT,
        'attribute_for_mail': request.app.state.config.LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_MAIL,
        'attribute_for_username': request.app.state.config.LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_USERNAME,
        'app_dn': request.app.state.config.LDAP_APP_DN,
        'app_dn_password': request.app.state.config.LDAP_APP_PASSWORD,
        'search_base': request.app.state.config.LDAP_SEARCH_BASE,
        'search_filters': request.app.state.config.LDAP_SEARCH_FILTERS,
        'use_tls': request.app.state.config.LDAP_USE_TLS,
        'certificate_path': request.app.state.config.LDAP_CA_CERT_FILE,
        'validate_cert': request.app.state.config.LDAP_VALIDATE_CERT,
        'ciphers': request.app.state.config.LDAP_CIPHERS,
    }


@router.post('/admin/config/ldap/server')
async def update_ldap_server(request: Request, form_data: LdapServerConfig, user=Depends(get_admin_user)):
    required_fields = [
        'label',
        'host',
        'attribute_for_mail',
        'attribute_for_username',
        'search_base',
    ]
    for key in required_fields:
        value = getattr(form_data, key)
        if not value:
            raise HTTPException(400, detail=f'Required field {key} is empty')

    request.app.state.config.LDAP_SERVER_LABEL = form_data.label
    request.app.state.config.LDAP_SERVER_HOST = form_data.host
    request.app.state.config.LDAP_SERVER_PORT = form_data.port
    request.app.state.config.LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_MAIL = form_data.attribute_for_mail
    request.app.state.config.LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_USERNAME = form_data.attribute_for_username
    request.app.state.config.LDAP_APP_DN = form_data.app_dn or ''
    request.app.state.config.LDAP_APP_PASSWORD = form_data.app_dn_password or ''
    request.app.state.config.LDAP_SEARCH_BASE = form_data.search_base
    request.app.state.config.LDAP_SEARCH_FILTERS = form_data.search_filters
    request.app.state.config.LDAP_USE_TLS = form_data.use_tls
    request.app.state.config.LDAP_CA_CERT_FILE = form_data.certificate_path
    request.app.state.config.LDAP_VALIDATE_CERT = form_data.validate_cert
    request.app.state.config.LDAP_CIPHERS = form_data.ciphers

    return {
        'label': request.app.state.config.LDAP_SERVER_LABEL,
        'host': request.app.state.config.LDAP_SERVER_HOST,
        'port': request.app.state.config.LDAP_SERVER_PORT,
        'attribute_for_mail': request.app.state.config.LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_MAIL,
        'attribute_for_username': request.app.state.config.LDAP_ATTRIBUTE_FOR_USERNAME,
        'app_dn': request.app.state.config.LDAP_APP_DN,
        'app_dn_password': request.app.state.config.LDAP_APP_PASSWORD,
        'search_base': request.app.state.config.LDAP_SEARCH_BASE,
        'search_filters': request.app.state.config.LDAP_SEARCH_FILTERS,
        'use_tls': request.app.state.config.LDAP_USE_TLS,
        'certificate_path': request.app.state.config.LDAP_CA_CERT_FILE,
        'validate_cert': request.app.state.config.LDAP_VALIDATE_CERT,
        'ciphers': request.app.state.config.LDAP_CIPHERS,
    }


@router.get('/admin/config/ldap')
async def get_ldap_config(request: Request, user=Depends(get_admin_user)):
    return {'ENABLE_LDAP': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_LDAP}


class LdapConfigForm(BaseModel):
    enable_ldap: Optional[bool] = None


@router.post('/admin/config/ldap')
async def update_ldap_config(request: Request, form_data: LdapConfigForm, user=Depends(get_admin_user)):
    request.app.state.config.ENABLE_LDAP = form_data.enable_ldap
    return {'ENABLE_LDAP': request.app.state.config.ENABLE_LDAP}


############################
# API Key
############################


# create api key
@router.post('/api_key', response_model=ApiKey)
async def generate_api_key(request: Request, user=Depends(get_current_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
    if not request.app.state.config.ENABLE_API_KEYS or (
        user.role != 'admin'
        and not await has_permission(user.id, 'features.api_keys', request.app.state.config.USER_PERMISSIONS)
    ):
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
            detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.API_KEY_CREATION_NOT_ALLOWED,
        )

    api_key = create_api_key()
    success = await Users.update_user_api_key_by_id(user.id, api_key, db=db)

    if success:
        return {
            'api_key': api_key,
        }
    else:
        raise HTTPException(500, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.CREATE_API_KEY_ERROR)


# delete api key
@router.delete('/api_key', response_model=bool)
async def delete_api_key(user=Depends(get_current_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
    return await Users.delete_user_api_key_by_id(user.id, db=db)


# get api key
@router.get('/api_key', response_model=ApiKey)
async def get_api_key(user=Depends(get_current_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
    api_key = await Users.get_user_api_key_by_id(user.id, db=db)
    if api_key:
        return {
            'api_key': api_key,
        }
    else:
        raise HTTPException(404, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.API_KEY_NOT_FOUND)


############################
# Token Exchange
############################


class TokenExchangeForm(BaseModel):
    token: str  # OAuth access token from external provider


@router.post('/oauth/{provider}/token/exchange', response_model=SessionUserResponse)
async def token_exchange(
    request: Request,
    response: Response,
    provider: str,
    form_data: TokenExchangeForm,
    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
):
    """
    Exchange an external OAuth provider token for an OpenWebUI JWT.
    This endpoint is disabled by default. Set ENABLE_OAUTH_TOKEN_EXCHANGE=True to enable.
    """
    if not ENABLE_OAUTH_TOKEN_EXCHANGE:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
            detail='Token exchange is disabled',
        )

    provider = provider.lower()

    # Check if provider is configured
    if provider not in OAUTH_PROVIDERS:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
            detail=f"Provider '{provider}' is not configured",
        )
    # Get the OAuth client for this provider
    oauth_manager = request.app.state.oauth_manager
    client = oauth_manager.get_client(provider)
    if not client:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
            detail=f"OAuth client for '{provider}' not found",
        )

    # Validate the token by calling the userinfo endpoint
    try:
        token_data = {'access_token': form_data.token, 'token_type': 'Bearer'}
        user_data = await client.userinfo(token=token_data)

        if not user_data:
            raise HTTPException(
                status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
                detail='Invalid token or unable to fetch user info',
            )
    except Exception as e:
        log.warning(f'Token exchange failed for provider {provider}: {e}')
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
            detail='Invalid token or unable to validate with provider',
        )

    # Extract user information from the token claims
    email_claim = request.app.state.config.OAUTH_EMAIL_CLAIM
    username_claim = request.app.state.config.OAUTH_USERNAME_CLAIM

    # Get sub claim
    sub = user_data.get(request.app.state.config.OAUTH_SUB_CLAIM or OAUTH_PROVIDERS[provider].get('sub_claim', 'sub'))
    if not sub:
        log.warning(f'Token exchange failed: sub claim missing from user data')
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
            detail="Token missing required 'sub' claim",
        )

    email = user_data.get(email_claim, '')
    if not email:
        log.warning(f'Token exchange failed: email claim missing from user data')
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
            detail='Token missing required email claim',
        )
    email = email.lower()

    # Enforce domain allowlist — same check as the normal OAuth callback
    if (
        '*' not in auth_manager_config.OAUTH_ALLOWED_DOMAINS
        and email.split('@')[-1] not in auth_manager_config.OAUTH_ALLOWED_DOMAINS
    ):
        log.warning(f'Token exchange denied: email domain not in allowed domains list')
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
            detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.ACCESS_PROHIBITED,
        )

    # Try to find the user by OAuth sub
    user = await Users.get_user_by_oauth_sub(provider, sub, db=db)

    if not user and OAUTH_MERGE_ACCOUNTS_BY_EMAIL.value:
        # Try to find by email if merge is enabled
        user = await Users.get_user_by_email(email, db=db)
        if user:
            # Link the OAuth sub to this user
            await Users.update_user_oauth_by_id(user.id, provider, sub, db=db)

    if not user:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
            detail='User not found. Please sign in via the web interface first.',
        )

    return await create_session_response(request, user, db)